1. What is the Friedewald Formula?

The Friedewald formula is a widely used equation to estimate LDL cholesterol levels from total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride measurements. It provides a calculated LDL value without requiring direct measurement.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Friedewald formula:

Where:

• \( LDL-C \) — Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL)
• \( TC \) — Total cholesterol (mg/dL)
• \( HDL-C \) — High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL)
• \( TG \) — Triglycerides (mg/dL)

Explanation: The formula estimates LDL cholesterol by subtracting HDL and VLDL (estimated as TG/5) from total cholesterol.

3. Importance of LDL Calculation

Details: LDL cholesterol is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Accurate estimation helps in assessing cardiovascular risk and guiding treatment decisions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides in mg/dL. All values must be valid (greater than 0). Note: This formula is not accurate when triglycerides exceed 400 mg/dL.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: When is the Friedewald formula not accurate?
A: The formula becomes less accurate when triglycerides exceed 400 mg/dL, in non-fasting samples, or in certain medical conditions.

Q2: What are optimal LDL levels?
A: Optimal LDL is generally below 100 mg/dL, though targets may vary based on individual risk factors.

Q3: How often should cholesterol be tested?
A: Adults should have cholesterol checked every 4-6 years, or more frequently if risk factors exist.

Q4: Are there alternatives to the Friedewald formula?
A: Yes, direct LDL measurement or the Martin/Hopkins method can be used when triglycerides are high.

Q5: Should this be used for treatment decisions?
A: While useful for screening, treatment decisions should be based on comprehensive lipid profile and clinical assessment.